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Deteriorating health systems are a major problem in third-world African countries like Zimbabwe. Many women lose their lives and children due to high maternal mortality and malnutrition in children under five years. A political crisis in the country that lead to an economic decline has largely contributed to the poor health system. The implementation of the Health Development Fund is a multi-donor pulled fund, that attempted to address the poor health system in Zimbabwe. The aim of the study was to establish whether the Health Development Fund brought about an improvement in the provision of health care in Zimbabwe. Desk…

Small and Medium-size Enterprise (SMEs) plays a significant role in the development of every economic and stands over 95% of its contributions (World Bank, 2019). These SMEs make up majority of businesses, and have impact on key economic indicators (Civelek, 2021; Lu, Wu, & Liu, 2020). Cameroon’s SMEs comprise most of its businesses and are the country’s main engines of economic growth. Cameroon Tribune interviewed the Cameroon Minister of SMEs on the 25th of October 2017, and he claimed SMEs contribute 95% to this economy. The implementation of an environment that is suitable for their growth and sustainability (Farrell, Oczkowski,…

Purpose: This quantitative research aims to evaluate the perceptions of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the cities of Malawi, namely Lilongwe, Blantyre, Zomba, and Mzuzu, concerning their income tax compliance and its influence on their financial performance for the fiscal year ended on December 31, 2022. The study investigates the extent of SME compliance with income tax regulations enforced by the Malawi Revenue Authority (MRA) and analyzes how this compliance, or lack thereof, affects their financial performance. Methodology: To assess SMEs’ compliance with income tax laws, the study conducts a comprehensive descriptive analysis of personnel and entity characteristics alongside…

The study sought to understand the elements that impact the leadership succession planning process in FOBs. FOBs provide over 50% of the global economy’s GDP, yet only 13% survive to the third generation. Family business succession is critical to lowering failure rates and ensuring long-term success. The study, conducted in Zomba, Malawi, used agency and steward theory to connect the findings to the theoretical framework. The study used a Mixed-method approach and employed structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews (IDI) to collect quantitative and qualitative components, respectively. The researcher selected Sixty Family-Owned Businesses for a quantitative study using multi-stage stratified sampling.

Recently, supermarkets in Kenya have been facing a significant decline in presence (Mbatia & Wanjiku, 2020, and Sande, 2022, Cytonn, 2022, Cheboi & Mulili, 2022). The major reasons for this are staff retention and weak structures (RETRAK, 2020). Since organization structure is one of key determinants of performance of retail supermarkets in Kenya (Wanjohi et. al, 2019), and they significantly contribute to the retail sector, it is imperative to determine how their structure influences employee job satisfaction (Ogbo, 2015, and Madanchian et. al, 2016). It is also important to discern the leadership traits required to enhance employee retention.